Complexity of IEC 60079 Standards Universe - A Comprehensive Overview
The IEC 60079 standards play a crucial role in ensuring the safety of equipment and installations in potentially explosive atmospheres. Developed and maintained by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), these standards provide a robust framework for mitigating risks in hazardous environments. However, navigating the IEC 60079 landscape can be complex. The IEC 60079 series encompasses numerous individual standards, each addressing specific aspects of explosion protection.
This blog post aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the IEC 60079 standards, exploring key concepts, notable examples, and the challenges associated with their implementation. By understanding the intricacies of these standards, stakeholders can enhance safety, streamline operations, and foster a culture of compliance within their organizations.
IEC 60079 Standards Operated by IECEx
The IECEx System leverages a robust framework of International Standards, including IEC and ISO standards, to ensure the safety of equipment and installations in potentially explosive atmospheres. This standard series, designed specifically for Ex equipment, mitigates risks in hazardous environments. Let’s explore the topic to acquire these crucial standards and a comprehensive understanding of them.
Regional variations can hinder the global application of IEC standards. While the IEC scheme provides a standardized approach, countries may introduce deviations to accommodate local regulations and practices. This can result in discrepancies between standards. Particularly evident in the United States, where UL 60079 standards, though similar to IEC 60079, often have distinct requirements. Such variations can complicate the certification process for products intended for multiple markets.
Ongoing efforts toward harmonization aim to address these inconsistencies and streamline global safety standards. However, regional and country-specific regulations can further complicate the matter, necessitating careful consideration of applicable standards to ensure compliance and safety.
Product Specification Meets IEC 60079 Standard Series
While hazardous area equipment design is paramount, it’s equally important to determine the product’s intended location. Classified hazardous locations set forth additional technical requirements for products in corresponding standards. Installed equipment must adhere to applicable standards, forming the foundation of hazardous area requirements. Engineering solutions for protection may be routine for experienced manufacturers, though it’s better to remain vigilant, especially when designing new or unfamiliar equipment.
In the IEC scheme, each protection technique has an assigned letter code. These codes, typically lowercase letters enclosed in single quotes (e.g., ‘i’, ‘d’), indicate the safety measures implemented during design and installation. Understanding these letter codes is crucial, as they provide insights into the specific protection techniques employed
IEC 60079 Standard Series
The IEC 60079 series comprise numerous individual standards, each addressing specific aspects of explosive atmosphere safety. These standards, while not always sequentially numbered, are continually being updated and expanded to reflect evolving industry needs and technological advancements. IEC 60079-0 serves as the foundational standard of explosive atmospheres, providing an overview of the series. As new challenges arise, additional parts are introduced to address specific requirements and ensure ongoing compliance with safety regulations.
To ensure optimal design outcomes, it is crucial to have access to the appropriate IEC 60079 standards, specifically tailored to your target countries and markets. The following is a selection of key standards from the IEC 60079 series:
You can find the full list here.
Notable Examples from IEC 60079 Standards Series
IEC 60079-11:2023 Intrinsic Safety "i"
Intrinsic Safety stands out as a unique approach to explosion protection. Unlike other methods that focus on individual components, it’s a holistic system concept. Think of it as a carefully orchestrated dance where every element – from the tiniest wire to the most complex device – plays a crucial role in preventing ignition.
At its core, an intrinsically safe circuit is designed to be inherently incapable of igniting an explosive atmosphere. This is achieved by meticulously limiting the energy levels to prevent sparks or excessive heat that could trigger a devastating explosion.
Why Is IEC 60079-11:2023 So Special?
Intrinsic Safety often reigns supreme as the most robust protection method, especially in the most hazardous environments. This is due to its inherent safety – the system is designed to be inherently incapable of causing an ignition.
Understanding the System:
Imagine an intrinsically safe circuit as a delicate loop. This loop typically involves at least two key players (plus the connecting cables):
Associated Apparatus: Often referred to as a “barrier,” this component acts as the gatekeeper. It contains intrinsic safe and non-intrinsic safe circuits too. It meticulously limits the power, voltage, and current flowing to the hazardous area from the safe area, ensuring the safety of the entire system.
Simple Apparatus: These are basic component(s) with well-defined electrical characteristics. They don’t require individual certification but must be compatible with the overall intrinsic safety circuit and with the circuit in which it is used. Like switches, thermocouples, and junction boxes.
Certified Ex Equipment: These are the heavy hitters – rigorously designed, tested, and certified to meet the stringent requirements of IEC 60079-11:2023.
Cables: While seemingly simple, cables play a vital role. They must be double-insulated for safety and may require additional protection based on environmental conditions.
Internal Applications:
Intrinsic Safety isn’t just for external circuits. It can be applied internally within equipment to enhance safety. For example, sparking components can be made intrinsically safe to prevent ignitions. Like power protection, ethernet protection, or boost protection module.
Devices Containing a Battery:
Intrinsic Safety is also a key player in portable and stationary equipment where the power source – typically a battery – is contained inside the Ex Equipment. A user-friendly swappable battery, that is replaceable within the hazardous area, may challenge even experienced design engineers.
Key Takeaway:
Intrinsic safety ‘i’ is more than just a protection method; it’s a philosophy. It emphasizes a holistic approach, where every component within the system contributes to overall safety. By understanding this intricate interplay and adhering to the rigorous standards outlined in IEC 60079-11, we can create safer and more reliable operations in hazardous environments.
To learn more about how to implement intrinsic safety effectively and ensure compliance with IEC 60079-11:2023, contact our experts for a consultation.
IEC 60079-31 Dust Protection by Enclosure "t"
Dust explosions pose a significant threat in many industries. To mitigate these risks, the IEC 60079 series includes protection by enclosure ‘t’ a robust method for safeguarding electrical equipment in dust-laden environments (flour mills, coal mines, drug packaging lines, etc.).
The Core Principle: Keep the Dust Out
This protection method relies on a strong defense: a robust enclosure that effectively prevents dust ingress. This is crucial because, in theory, a well-sealed enclosure should hinder the formation of an explosive dust cloud within. However, the primary concern shifts to the potential temperature rise of the enclosure walls.
A Graduated Approach:
To accommodate varying levels of risk, Type Protection ‘t’ is further categorized into three distinct levels:
Ex ta: The most stringent level, suitable for Category 1D
Ex tb: Designed for Category 2D
Ex tc: Applicable in Category 3D
Flexibility and Limitations:
The beauty of this method lies in its flexibility. Generally, the contents within the enclosure are less critical as long as they don’t compromise the enclosure’s integrity and heat dissipation. However, any components that penetrate the enclosure walls (e.g., cables, conduits) must be appropriately certified for the hazardous area. While some manufacturers offer ‘Ex tc’ certification for enclosures with undefined internal components, this is less common for ‘Ex tb’, especially in standard enclosure designs.
Key Takeaway:
Dust protection by enclosure ‘t’ provides a reliable safeguard against dust explosions if you have no weight constraints. Prioritizing well-sealed, usually high-weight enclosure design and effective heat management ensures the safety of electrical equipment in a wide range of dust-laden environments.
Need assistance with Dust Protection by Enclosure ‘t’? Our experts can help. Contact us for guidance and support in meeting IEC 60079-31 requirements.
Conclusion
By providing a comprehensive framework for the design, manufacture, installation, and operation of electrical equipment, these IEC 60079 standards help to prevent accidents and protect human life and property.
Adhering to the principles and requirements outlined in the IEC 60079 standards is essential for anyone designing products for this usage or operating them inside hazardous areas. By understanding the specific requirements of each protection method and implementing best practices, we can reach:
To further enhance safety and compliance:
Stay informed: Keep up-to-date with the latest revisions and amendments to the IEC 60079 standards.
Seek expert guidance: Consult with experienced professionals who specialize in explosion protection and IEC 60079 compliance. ADOTT Solutions is here to help.
Implement robust safety programs inside your organization: Develop and maintain comprehensive safety programs that incorporate the principles of IEC 60079 standards.
By working together and embracing a proactive approach to safety, we can create a safer future for all who work in hazardous environments.
